You will prepare and submit a term paper on Assessing the Feasibility of Different Techniques for Providing Fresh Water to Arid Regions of the World. Your paper should be a minimum of 1250 words in length. Desalination is the process of eliminating that solid material that has dissolved in water especially salts and other lifeless variety. Desalination takes place in the normal natural setting as water evaporates from the seas, lakes, and oceans to move upwards, precipitate, and form clouds. Historical descriptions and records, including the setting of some of the earliest Greek philosophers, reveal that humanity has been using desalination since long ago to come up with drinking water.
The arid situation in some parts of the world has contributed towards the increased use of desalination to create fresh water that can enable them to carry out various purposes with it. Studies reveal that desalination technology is used in about 125 countries globally, with the United States leading in its application (National Research Council, 2004, p.12). Several desalination knows how are used in different parts of the world to remove salt from seawater. The type of technology used is dependent on some factors such as quality of the water source, the anticipated purpose for the water being desalinated, size of the plant, capital, and energy charges and the possibility of energy reuse.
In the desalination process, thermal technologies are used to heat seawater, which then evaporates forming a vapor. The vapor is then condensed to become fresh water. The use of thermal technologies was common many decades ago. From 1950, there was a shift from thermal use to use of membranes to desalinate brackish water (Escobar and Schafer, 2009, p. 10). The Middle East is among the main users of desalination with most of their plants producing up to a capacity of 1.6Mm3 daily (Escobar and Schafer, 2009, p.14). Global seawater desalination is prevalent in the Middle East, Southern Europe, and North Africa at 61%, 11%, and 7% of the global seawater desalination capacity respectively. .
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