Hi, need to submit a 1250 words paper on the topic Koalas Life Cycle. A Koala is basically the native of Australia as it is the only place where it is found. These Koalas are usually found in Southern Australia and Eastern Australia over the coasts of these regions. They are found most commonly in the East where they inhabit the strip near the Pacific Ocean where the eucalyptus plant is found in abundance. However, they are not found in the Western region of Australia at all. (Martin, Roger and Handasyde 1999).
The Koalas rely on Eucalyptus leaves for nutrition, and prior to the intake of these leaves, the Koala smells them to find any indication of poisonous material in the leaves. Thus, Koalas are selective about the species of eucalyptus leaves they acquire. In general, this is a low nutrient diet on which Koalas survive (Martin, Roger and Handasyde 1999).
Koalas have a special chamber used for fermentation called “hindgut chamber” since it is present at the rear part of the digestive tract. The Koalas digestive system consists of enlarged proximal and caecum colon to help digest the Eucalyptus leaves. Fermentation takes a long time to digest the food, thus like other carnivores the food stays longer in the stomach of Koalas. Though the digestive system of a Koala is small, the digestive glands are comparatively larger (Martin, Roger and Handasyde 1999).
The breathing medium in Koalas is the nose and the mouth as these belong to the kingdom of Mammalia. When the air passes through the tract, it is moisturized in the way for effective breathing. The lungs of the Koala contain alveoli for exchanging CO2 and Oxygen. When air reaches here, CO2 passes into alveoli and oxygen diffuses inside the blood. This oxygen then gets attached to the hemoglobin, so that effective respiration takes place (Martin, Roger and Handasyde 1999).
The heart of the Koala is similar to that found in any of the mammals. There are a right ratio-ventricular valve and the articular extensions in the heart to enable the flow of blood. According to Sontagg (1922), a normal heart rate is about 90 beats per minute. Aortic arch along with the subclavian enables easy respiration in the Koalas. . In the cells, bodies like the jolly body, erythrocytes, anisocytosis, and the poikilocytosis are apparent though the blood smears to allow respiration as indicated by Sontagg (1922).
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